Measurement gives us data, but data alone do not give us knowledge. As quantum technologies become deployable, robust inference from measurement data is becoming increasingly important. My work develops Bayesian frameworks for extracting reliable information using quantum systems.
I am part of the Quantum Control & Sensing JP-UK collaboration, and I am based at the University of Exeter. Further details on my professional background are available on LinkedIn.
Alongside my scientific research, this website also hosts a blog where I write in a more humanistic register. Do have a look if that is of interest.
Research vision
Advancing the foundations of physics ultimately requires physical inference frameworks that remain valid when quantum and relativistic effects become relevant. In the near term, emerging quantum technologies offer new ways of probing these regimes, but they require methods for extracting reliable information from limited and imperfect data.
My research develops Bayesian approaches to quantum estimation, metrology, and sensing designed for these conditions, with measurement understood as our most direct way of questioning nature. Key themes include:
Quantum inference
- Variational principles and symmetry constraints in global estimation.
- Non-asymptotic quantum metrology.
Quantum technologies
- Inference-driven design of quantum measurement protocols.
- Adaptive quantum sensing in interferometric, atomic, and networked platforms.
I expect these methods to become increasingly relevant as quantum technologies move from proof-of-principle experiments to distributed and deployable architectures.
Journal articles
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E. Gandar, J. Rubio (2026)
Closed-form Bayesian quantum estimation of Gaussian states
arXiv:2605.16978; Zenodo -
F. Albarelli, D. Branford, J. Rubio (2026)
Measurement incompatibility in Bayesian multiparameter quantum estimation
Quantum 10, 2192; arXiv:2511.16645; GitHub; Zenodo -
J. Boeyens, J. Glatthard, E. Gandar, S. Nimmrichter, L. A. Correa, J. Rubio (2025)
On the role of symmetry and geometry in global quantum sensing
Quantum Sci. Technol. 10, 045053; arXiv:2502.14817; GitHub -
M. Overton, J. Rubio, N. Cooper, D. Baldolini, D. Johnson, J. Anders, L. Hackermüller (2026)
Adaptive, symmetry-informed Bayesian metrology for precise quantum technology measurements
Phys. Rev. Lett. 136, 140801 ; arXiv:2410.10615; Zenodo -
J. Rubio (2024)
First-principles construction of symmetry-informed quantum metrologies
Phys. Rev. A 110, L030401; arXiv:2402.16410 -
A.S.F. Oliveira, J. Rubio, C.E.M. Noble, J.L.R. Anderson, J. Anders, A.J. Mulholland (2023)
Fluctuation relations to calculate protein redox potentials from molecular dynamics simulations
J. Chem. Theory Comput. 20, 1, 385-395; arXiv:2302.13089; GitHub -
J. Glatthard, J. Rubio, R. Sawant, T. Hewitt, G. Barontini, L. A. Correa (2022)
Optimal cold atom thermometry using adaptive Bayesian strategies
PRX Quantum 3, 040330; arXiv:2204.11816 -
J. Rubio (2022)
Quantum scale estimation
Quantum Sci. Technol. 8, 015009; arXiv:2111.11921 -
D. Branford, J. Rubio (2021)
Average number is an insufficient metric for interferometry
New J. Phys. 23, 123041; arXiv:2107.06698 -
N. Eerqing, S. Subramanian, J. Rubio, T. Lutz, H.-Y. Wu, J. Anders, C. Soeller, F. Vollmer (2021)
Comparing transient oligonucleotide hybridization kinetics using DNA-PAINT and optoplasmonic single-molecule sensing on gold nanorods
ACS Photonics 8, 10, 2882-2888; arXiv:2103.07520 -
J. Rubio, J. Anders, L. A. Correa (2021)
Global quantum thermometry
Phys. Rev. Lett. 127, 190402; arXiv:2011.13018; GitHub -
J. Rubio, P. A. Knott, T. J. Proctor, J. A. Dunningham (2020)
Quantum sensing networks for the estimation of linear functions
J. Phys. A: Math. Theor. 53, 344001; arXiv:2003.04867 -
J. Rubio, J. Dunningham (2020)
Bayesian multiparameter quantum metrology with limited data
Phys. Rev. A 101, 032114; arXiv:1906.04123 -
R. Nichols, L. Mineh, J. Rubio, J. C. F. Matthews, P. A. Knott (2019)
Designing quantum experiments with a genetic algorithm
Quantum Sci. Technol. 4, 045012; arXiv:1812.01032; GitHub -
J. Rubio, J. Dunningham (2019)
Quantum metrology in the presence of limited data
New J. Phys. 21, 043037; arXiv:1810.12857 -
J. Rubio, P. Knott, J. Dunningham (2018)
Non-asymptotic analysis of quantum metrology protocols beyond the Cramér-Rao bound
J. Phys. Commun. 2, 015027; arXiv:1707.05022 -
J. Rubio, A. Luis (2014)
Spin state in the propagation of quantum relativistic particles along classical trajectories
Phys. Rev. A 89, 052128; arXiv:1402.6063
PhD thesis
J. Rubio Jiménez (2020)
Non-asymptotic quantum metrology: extracting maximum information from limited data
University of Sussex; arXiv:1912.02324;
GitHub
Others
A. Sánchez de Miguel, J. Zamorano, B. Pila-Díez, J. Rubio, R. Ruiz, I. Rodríguez-Herranz, A. González-Pérez (2011)
Light pollution in Spain 2010
Highlights of Spanish Astrophysics VI, IX Scientific Meeting of the Spanish Astronomical Society (SEA), Madrid, Sept. 13-17, 2010, pp. 784-784
J. Rubio Jiménez (2009)
Quince años de pasión por la astronomía
Tribuna Complutense, Otra Mirada, p. 24
Biography
Jesús Rubio is a theoretical physicist working on quantum estimation, metrology, and sensing. His research develops Bayesian frameworks for extracting reliable information using quantum systems.
After completing the Spanish Baccalaureate, he studied Physics at the Complutense University of Madrid and completed an MSc at the Institute for Theoretical Physics of Madrid, specialising in particle physics, cosmology, and quantum information theory. In 2019, he completed a PhD at the University of Sussex on quantum optics, Bayesian metrology, and sensing networks. During his early professional development, he held a Surrey Future Fellowship, and in 2025 became a Fellow of Advance HE.
His scientific work has focused on developing practical methodologies for inference in quantum technologies, through collaborations with research organisations in the UK, Spain, Germany, Italy, and Japan. He has pioneered symmetry-informed estimation, a research programme that combines physical symmetries, variational methods, and Bayesian reasoning to design optimal measurement protocols. This programme has been experimentally validated across a range of AMO platforms. His research is complemented by experience in teaching and knowledge transfer, including MSc-level module leadership and engagement with the quantum industry.
Through both research and writing, he explores the role of probability, information, and physical principles in the extraction of scientific knowledge.
If you wish to contact me
The best way to contact me is by email. I prefer it because it is an open, universal standard. Should I not respond promptly, please do send a follow-up, as emails occasionally slip through despite my best efforts.
For reference, short forms of my name are J. Rubio or J. Rubio Jiménez; both Rubio and Jiménez are surnames, I do not have a middle name, and Jiménez should not be used on its own.